An important catchphrase in the policy lexicon of the present government is “zero defect, zero effect”. The connotation of the expression is that Indian growth will cause least damage to the natural environment (zero effect) and the products and services produced in India will conform to the highest quality standards (zero defects). This innocuous-looking phrase has very comprehensive implications for India’s industry. It was intended to be a necessary complement to another prominent catchphrase in the policy discourse: “Make In India”. Should making in India largely address domestic consumption or should global integration be an intrinsic part of the strategy for India’s economic development? This has been an important point of debate in the recent past. Regardless of which perspective is chosen, the quality of products and services will play an important role. A pursuit of recognition as a high-quality producer of goods and services requires a unique standards architecture and corresponding physical infrastructure. India must institutionalize a “National Mission on Quality”. The mission would create a “National Standards Coordination Agency” integrating all the vertical institutions on the subject at a higher level of control and direction.